TÜRKİYE’NİN YER ŞEKİLLERİ

Yer Şekillerini Oluşturan Kuvvetler
Đç Kuvvetler                                                                                                                                                 Orojenez (Dağ Oluşum), Epirojenez (Kıta Oluşum), Volkanizma, Deprem
Dış Kuvvetler                                                                                                                                                Akarsular, Yer Altı Suları, Dalga - Akıntılar, Gel - Git, Rüzgârlar, Buzullar
                                                                                                                              Türkiye’nin Jeolojik Oluşumu
I. Jeolojik Zaman                                                                  II. Jeolojik Zaman                                                        III. Jeolojik Zaman                                                                                  IV. Jeolojik Zaman
(Paleozoik)                                                                                                      (Mezozoik)                                  (Neozoik - Tersiyer)                                                                                 (Kuaternel)
• Tetis denilen denizde                                                            • I.   dönemde   oluşan                                                   • Alp - Himalaya kıvrım                                                                              • Toptan                      yükselme
tortulların                                                         sertleşerek    kıvrımlı  yapılar  aşınarak                                               kuşağı; bu kuşak üzerinde                                                                            devam  edilerek  yüksek
“masif” denilen kütleleri                                                          alçak                                      düzlemler                      Kuzey Anadolu ile Toros                                                                              düzlükler oluşmuştur.
oluşturması ve ülkenin ilk                                                         oluşturdu.                                 (Peneplen)                     Dağları oluştu.                                                                                      • Egeid  karası  çökerek;
kara                                                                parçalarını    Büyük    kısmı    deniz                                                   • Anadolu,   bugünküne                                                                               Ege Denizi ve Đstanbul -
oluşturduğu dönemdir.                                                              istilasına uğradı.                                                        yakın görünüm kazandı.                                                                               Çanakkale                     Boğazları
• Zonguldak                                                         -  çevresi     • Kuzey - güney kıtalar                                                   • Orta  Anadolu  çukuru                                                                              oluşmuştur.                   Akdeniz
alanda  kömür  yatakları                                                           birbirine                     yaklaşmaya                                  sularla                                                                         dolarak       göle   suları ile Karadeniz suları
oluştu.                                                                            devam etti.                                                               dönüştü.                                                                                             birleşmiş,                    Marmara
• Masif kütleler: Yıldız                                                           • Tortullar,                               Teythis                        • Linyit,  petrol,  tuz  ve                                                                          Denizi çıkmıştır.
Dağları, Menteşe Dağları,                                                          Denizi’nde                                 birikmeye                      bor yatakları oluştu.                                                                                • Kıbrıs                      Adası,
Kırşehir, Bitlis, Saruhan.                                                         devam etti.                                                               • Đç  ve  Doğu  Anadolu                                                                              Đskenderun   körfezinden
• Deprem ihtimalinin az                                                                                                                                      bölgelerinde  yoğun  olan                                                                            ayrılmıştır.
olduğu yerlerdir.                                                                                                                                            volkanik                                                                        faaliyetler          • Buzul                       dönemler
                                                                                                                                                             oluşmuştur.                                                                                          oluşmuş ve ılıman iklim
                                                                                                                                                             • Zamanın sonuna doğru                                                                               etkisiyle                     buzullar
                                                                                                                                                             toptan                                                                          yükselmeye           erimiştir. “Dış Kuvvetler”
                                                                                                                                                             başlamıştır.                                                                                  “Đç    etkisi vardır.
                                                                                                                                                             Kuvvetler”in etkisi var.                                                                             • Epirojenez etkilidir.
                                                                                                                                                             • Orojenez etkilidir.                                                                                • Đnsan ortaya çıkmış.
Türkiye’nin III. Zamanda Vücut Bulma Etkileri:
• Genç oluşumlu bir ülkedir.
• Akarsular denge profiline ulaşmamıştır.
• Kırıklı yapı fazladır - tektonik deprem görülme riski fazladır.
• Yüzey şekilleri dağlık - engebelidir.